Indian Kanoon- Indian Penal Code,1860 (IPC)

This Act shall be called the Indian Penal Code, and shall [extend to the whole of India [except the State of Jammu and Kashmir]]

This Act is known as Indian Penal code, and it applies to all over India, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir, as they have their separate Penal code.

Every person shall be liable to punishment under this Code and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to the provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within [India]

Whosoever found guilty of such an offence or omits an act which are mentioned in the Indian Penal Code, shall be liable for punishment under this code.

Any person liable, by any [Indian law], to be tried for an offence committed beyond [India] shall be dealt with according to the provisions of this Code for any act committed beyond [India] in the same manner as if such act had been committed within [India]

Anyone commits any act in violations with any other act prevailing within India or any act committed outisde India shall be dealt as if the act was comitted within India and that person shall be made liable under the provisions of this act.

The provisions of this Code apply also to any offence committed by--  [(1) any citizen of India in any place without and beyond India;  (2) any person on any ship or aircraft registered in India wherever it may be. (3) any person in any place without and beyond India committing offence targeting a computer resource located in India. ] 

This act means any citizen of India, in or outside the boundries of India or present on any ship or aircraft registered in India or any person who is targating any computer recorce loacted in India shall be tried under this Act and also Information and Techonology Act, 2000

Nothing in this Act shall affect the provisions of any Act for punishing mutiny and desertion of officers, soldiers, sailors or airmen in the service of the Government of India or the provision of any special or local law.

Provisions of this act will not affect offences committed by officers, sailors, soldiers or airmen (those who are in service for Government of India) as they have their personal laws by which they are governed; For example Army and Air force act, 1901 etc. 

Throughout this Code every definition of an offence, every penal provision and every illustration of every such definition or penal provision, shall be understood subject to the exceptions contained in the Chapter entitled "General Exceptions", though those exceptions are not repeated in such definition, penal provision, or illustration.

In this code whatever defination of an offence each and every provision and every illustration shall be understood or read keeping in mind the General Exceptions which are dealt in this chapter of the code. For example, it is no where written that a child under 7 year of age cannot commit an offence, rather it's written that Nothing is an offence which is committed by a child of under 7 years age.

Every expression which is explained in any part of this Code, is used in every part of this Code in conformity with the explanation.

Every expression which is explained in any part of this Code, is used in every part of this Code in conformity with the explanation.

The pronoun "he" and its derivatives are used of any person, whether male or female

In this code wherever He is mentioned (like who commits an act he shall be made liable, one who commits theft he shall be held liable) it is mentioned without Gender, that means He in this act denotes both 'He' & 'She'.

Unless the contrary appears from the context, words importing the singular number include the plural number, and words importing the plural number include the singular number.

Unless the contrary appears from the context, words importing the singular number include the plural number, and words importing the plural number include the singular number.

The word "man" denotes a male human being of any age; the word "woman" denotes a female human being of any age.

In this act wherever the word  'man' is written it means a male human being of any age (except a minor, child under 18 is denoted by the term 'minor', be it boy or girl), and the word 'women' means a female human being of any age (except minor).

The word "person" includes any Company or Association or body of persons, whether incorporated or not.

The word "person" mentioned in this act dentes any company or association or a body corporate. As company is an Artificial Person, which can be held liable for offences such as Theft, Fraud etc.

The word "public" includes any class of the public or any community".

The word "public" mentioned in this Code is a reference to a class of public or any community; for example PIL (Public Intrest Litigation) is filed for the public, it may inclue 100, 1000 or more.

Repelled by the A.O. 1950

Repelled by the Adaptation Order 1950

The words "servant of Government" denote any officer or servant continued, appointed or employed in India by or under the authority of Government.

Wherever 'Servant of Government' mentioned in this act it denotes all those officers who are working in the public offices, under the Authority of Government.

Repelled by the A.O. 1937

Repelled by the Adaptation Order 1937

Repelled by the A.O. 1937

Repelled by the Adaptation Order 1937

The word "Government" denotes the Central Government or the Government of a ****State.

It denotes central government or government of a particular state.

"India" means the territory of India excluding the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

In this act the term "India" means the territory of India except the state of Jammu & Kashmir (Jammu & Kashmir have their own Penal Code).

The word "Judge" denotes not only every person who is officially designated as a Judge, but also every person who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or criminal, a definitive judgment, or a judgment which, if not appealed against, would be definitive, or a judgment which, if confirmed by some other authority, would be definitive, or  who is one of a body of persons, which body of persons is empowered by law to give such a judgment.

In this act the word "Judge" not only includes Judges of Supreme Court various High Courts or District Court, but also anyone who is empowered by law prevailing in India to carry out a legal proceeding or to pronounce a Judgement, or a body of persons (say Panchayat), they all will be considerd as "Judges" in the proceeding which they held.

The words "Court of Jutsice" denote a Judge who is empowered by law to act judicially alone, or a body of Judges which is empowered by law to act judicially as a body, when such Judge or body of Judges is acting judicially.

When a judge or a body of judges who are empowered by law to act Judicially as a body, it will be known as court of Justice; for example a panchayat which is having power to try and determine suits, will be known as court of justice.